Strong designFront Nutr 2026
Kidney stone disease is a prevalent urological condition associated with significant metabolic comorbidities and increased mortality risk. While the "weekend warrior" (WW) physical activity pattern has been linked to reduced mortality in the general population, its impact on patients with kidney stones remains unclear.…
Meng Y, Yang X, Sun X et al. · PMID 42698701
Strong designFront Cell Infect Microbiol 2026
Although calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones are classically regarded as a metabolic stone type, bacterial factors may also contribute to clinical heterogeneity. However, the biological relevance of bacteriuria in CaOx stone disease remains unclear. We investigated the clinical association between bacteriuria and CaOx stone …
Ding X, Du Q, Niu X et al. · PMID 42694201
Strong designFront Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2026
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) can present during childhood and adolescence, yet data on the full endocrine and non-endocrine phenotype in young patients remain limited. We conducted a retrospective single-center study of genetically confirmed MEN1 patients diagnosed at ≤21 years and followed between 2001 a…
Della Valentina S, Pierotti L, Pardi E et al. · PMID 42676347
Strong designArch Esp Urol 2026
Complex and refractory urolithiasis represents a growing clinical challenge, characterised by a large stone burden, recurrent disease, anatomical abnormalities, infection, and metabolic risk factors, all of which complicate management and increase morbidity. Contemporary management has shifted toward risk-stratified, m…
Chen Y, Chen H, Wu X et al. · PMID 42684277
Strong designJ Med Internet Res 2026
Personalized dietary counseling is central to recurrence prevention in patients with urolithiasis, particularly after a 24-hour urine metabolic evaluation. However, translating quantitative metabolic abnormalities into patient-facing, guideline-concordant, and safe dietary recommendations can be challenging in routine …
Wang X, Li J, Hu Y et al. · PMID 42696728
Strong designInt J Womens Health 2026
Acute abdominal conditions--appendicitis, ectopic pregnancy, paralytic ileus and intestinal obstruction, and urolithiasis--are surgical emergencies carrying substantial risks of morbidity, mortality, and long-term disability. An integrated quantification of their collective burden may help identify shared vulnerabiliti…
Dong X, Huang Z, Li H et al. · PMID 42683353
Strong designUrology 2026
To evaluate the association between heat index and kidney stone recurrence in a national Veterans Affairs cohort of kidney stone formers. This retrospective cohort study of patients with an index kidney stone event from 2010-2020 used Veterans Healthcare Administration data. Heat exposure was defined as number of days …
Lugo BM, Valicevic AN, Guro P et al. · PMID 42692268
Strong designBJU Int 2026
To develop and validate explainable machine learning (ML) models predicting urinary stone composition from routinely available clinical variables and standardised morphological features, and to quantify the incremental value of morphology. This retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing endouro…
Duffaut L, Scilipoti P, Khene ZE et al. · PMID 42670720
Strong designClin Kidney J 2026
Magnesium is a potentially relevant factor in kidney stone disease (KSD), particularly in calcium-containing stones. This narrative review summarizes magnesium metabolism, its anti-lithogenic mechanisms, and the current evidence on supplementation in KSD. Magnesium may reduce stone risk through intestinal oxalate bindi…
Scoglio M, Bargagli M, Fuster DG · PMID 42682660
Strong designUrolithiasis 2026
Although adiposity is associated with kidney stone disease, the relationship between abdominal fat distribution and urinary calcium excretion remains unclear. We investigated whether the CT-derived visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio (VSR) was associated with 24-hour urinary calcium excretion and whether physiologic age…
Cong X, Chen J, Han J et al. · PMID 42678531
Strong designUrolithiasis 2026
Ureteral stricture is a potentially serious complication following ureteroscopy (URS) for ureteral stones. In the absence of clear guideline recommendations, practices regarding risk factors, prevention, surveillance, and management remain heterogeneous. This study aimed to evaluate multinational urologists' perception…
Hashimi MA, Farahat Y, Harraz A et al. · PMID 42684444
Strong designJ Pediatr Urol 2026
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare chronic destructive granulomatous pyelonephritis. Paediatric experience is limited and mostly historical. The largest published series reported nephrectomy in 95.4 %. Whether this radical-only paradigm still reflects best practice in the cross-sectional imaging and min…
Birem A, Peycelon M, Faraj S et al. · PMID 42679779
Int J Surg 2026
Kidney stone disease, primarily composed of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals, represents a significant global health burden with high recurrence rates. Current therapeutic strategies fail to adequately address the oxidative stress and apoptosis triggered by CaOx crystals in renal tubular cells. While the natural flavono…
Li L, Xu X, Guo L et al. · PMID 42682266
Can J Urol 2026
Ureteroscopy is the recommended surgical treatment for renal stones less than two centimeters in diameter but often leaves residual fragments, increasing the risk of stone recurrence. Autologous blood coagulum is a potential adjunct to ureteroscopy for aiding fragment retrieval. This study evaluates the efficacy and ef…
Huang TR, Gao BM, Ali A et al. · PMID 42682054
Front Biosci (Landmark Ed) 2026
Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal retention on the renal tubular epithelium is a key step in urolithiasis. Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure may facilitate crystal-cell adhesion, but the upstream signaling mechanisms and the relative contributions of impaired inward PS flipping versus outward PS redistribution remain uncle…
Liu H, Xiao Y, Fu Y et al. · PMID 42689986
J Proteome Res 2026
Nephrolithiasis is a common urinary disorder characterized by high prevalence and recurrence, but the molecular mechanisms underlying calcium oxalate (CaOx)-crystal-induced renal injury remain incompletely understood. We applied integrated proteomic, phosphoproteomic, acetylomic, and lactylomic analyses to kidney tissu…
Dong Y, Zhang M, Xu Y et al. · PMID 42695885
Free full textInt J Surg 2026
The relationship between serum uric acid (UA) levels and the prevalence and recurrence of kidney stone (KS) remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between UA levels and the risk of KS in a large sample of U.S. adults. We analyzed the relationship between UA levels and the prevalence of KS among…
Li K, Chai CA, Tan YQ et al. · PMID 42682337
Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2026
Endoscopic stone management consists of ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy, 2 robustly developed techniques in which the surgeon directly visualizes kidney stones to facilitate removal. Ureteroscopy is performed in retrograde fashion and can be used to clear smaller stones from the ureter and renal collectin…
Cohen A, De S · PMID 42674764
J Toxicol Sci 2026
Acute kidney injuries and renal dysfunction caused by ethylene glycol poisoning are often associated with nephrolithiasis. Calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal formation is considered one of the most common events at the early stage of nephrolithiasis. The aim of this study is to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying C…
Isa S, Aki T, Noritake K et al. · PMID 42686587
Urolithiasis 2026
We investigated the predictive value of standard non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) measurements, the ureteral dilatation ratio (DDR) and intraluminal urine stasis markers, for spontaneous stone passage (SSP) versus surgical intervention in patients with ureteral stones. We also evaluated ureteral wall thickness (…
Aktaş Y, Tongal A, Gökcan AN et al. · PMID 42678544
J Am Vet Med Assoc 2026
To establish a hospital proportional morbidity rate (HPMR) for urethral obstructions (UOs) in domestic ferrets; describe clinical presentation, interventions, and outcomes; and report associations with UO etiologies and survival. In this retrospective, descriptive, epidemiological study, electronic medical records were…
O'Malley B, Sadar MJ, Alexander AB et al. · PMID 42674007
Front Physiol 2026
To explore the pathophysiological interplay of serum calcium, magnesium, phosphate, and potassium (Ca, Mg, P, K) homeostasis in nephrolithiasis and establish an integrated risk prediction framework incorporating these routine homeostatic biomarkers. This retrospective, hospital-based case-control study enrolled 611 pat…
Wang Y, Dong C, Liao W et al. · PMID 42688048
Int J Med Sci 2026
Sjögren's disease (SjD) is traditionally viewed as an autoimmune exocrinopathy; however, renal involvement-particularly renal tubular acidosis (RTA)-is an underrecognized extraglandular manifestation that often precedes classical sicca symptoms and contributes to diagnostic delay. Distal RTA (dRTA) represents the domin…
Lu CL, Wu CC, Fang TC et al. · PMID 42694869